Showing posts with label Census - United States. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Census - United States. Show all posts

A Window in Time, April 11, 1940

The Szerejko Family, Circa 1940
(Digital Image.  Photograph Privately Held By Cynthia Shenette; Text Copyright (c) 2012 Cynthia Shenette) Years ago I read and loved Jack Finney's time travel classic, Time and Again.  In the story, the main character looks out his apartment window at The Dakota, and over a period of time the landscape changes from contemporary New York to the New York City of 1882. It's kind of like how I feel when I look at a census record. Except now I'm the time traveler. The window opens, and I get a glimpse of my ancestors' lives on one particular day in time.

On Thursday, April 11, 1940 my grandparents lived in a relatively new (built in 1925) three-decker in Worcester's Vernon Hill neighborhood.  The weather was cloudy with a light easterly wind.  Rain was predicted for Friday.  Spring bulbs peaked through the ground.  The smell of spring was in the air.  For two cents the Worcester Telegram was a good deal, but the news was discouraging, full of the war raging in Europe.

BRITISH BESIEGE OSLO
To Bomb City Unless Nazis Surrender
F.D.R. Bans Gold Withdrawals

ENGLISH POUND REICH FLEET
Allied-German Naval Battle Continues of Norway Coast

POPULATION FLEES IN PANIC
English Warships Force Way Into Harbor After Long Battle With German Fleet
Reich Cruiser Emden Reported Sunk

And a little closer to home:

WALL STREET: Markets Swayed by War News

Newsprint Prices Hold: Canada Furnishing Supply Cut Off From Scandinavia

Thankfully the local news was a bit more positive:

Journalism Classes of High School of Commerce Visited T-G Plant

South Worcester Branch Library Gets New Books

Layouts advertised that Sherer's department store was wrapping up its fur sale.  Furs regularly $119 to $189 were on sale for $55!  Teens could shop for saddle Oxfords at Barnard's for $4.19, while their parents ran over to Denholm's to check out new Hotpoint refrigerators for $114.95 on the 5th floor.  Brockelman's Worcester Market enticed shoppers with sales on pork and beans (3 for .22¢), a dozen eggs (.23¢), a peck of potatoes (.27¢), cube steak (.21¢ a pound) and two rye breads for .11¢!

In entertainment news Rebecca, starring Laurence Olivier and Joan Fontaine, was held over at the Warner Theater.  The kiddos could look forward to Walt Disney's Pinocchio which was starting on Wednesday.

There was joy in Mudville!

BOSTON RED SOX BEAT CINCINNATI 2-1!

When census enumerator, a Mr. William F. Foster, finished talking to the Samuel Alpert family at 27 Fairfax Rd. he knocked on my grandparent's door.  He was probably in a rush.  Or was he just careless?  In his haste he wrote down the wrong house number in column two on the census form. Mr. Foster also forgot to write down who answered the door. Was it my grandmother or my grandfather?  We'll never know.  Glenn Miller's In The Mood was the number one song on April 11, 1940.  Was it playing on the mahogany cabinet radio in the living room that day?  Mr. Foster quickly filled in the columns on the census form, eager to move on to the next house on his route.

Do you own or rent your home?  Own.  What is the value of home? $8,500.  What's your name? Adolf Szerejko? (Pause)  How do you spell that? Shzeregko, Adolth.  Age? 45.  Highest grade of school completed? Eighth.  Where were you born?  Poland.  Occupation?  Machinist. Industry? (Illegible.)  What was your residence on April 1, 1935?  Same place. Income in 1939?  $1456.  Who else lives here?  Anna.  Wife.  Age? 43. What is her highest grade of school completed? Eighth. What's her place of birth? Poland.  Occupation? None. Anyone else? Christine.  Daughter. Age? 18. Highest grade of school completed?  Four years of high school. Anyone else?  Coleen.  Daughter.  Age?  17.  Highest grade of school completed? Three years of high school.  Is that it?  Robert.  A son.  Ten.  Highest grade completed? Fourth.  I need to ask you a few supplemental questions. Name, again.  Szireko, Adolth.  Where was your father born?  Poland.  Where was your mother born?  Poland.  Mother tongue?  Polish.  Are you a veteran? No.  Social Security number?  Yes.  Usual occupation?  Machinist.  Usual industry?  (Illegible, again.).  Thanks for your time...

By New Year's Eve of that year much would change.  Mom would graduate from the High School of Commerce in June of 1940 and be attending Becker College by the fall of 1940.  My grandparents and their children would leave their old home and Vernon Hill behind to move to their new home on Grove St., to the neighborhood where my family would live for the next sixty years and to the house where I would later grow up.  By New Year's Eve Pearl Harbor would be less than a year away.  But no one knew it.  In November of 1941 Glenn Miller would still be playing on the mahogany cabinet radio, but life would be different.

Have you looked at the 1940 United States Census yet?  Push back the curtains, and take a look.  What do you see?  Is that Glenn Miller I hear playing on your living room radio?  I think it is...

A Note on Errors:  Much of the information on the 1940 United States Census record is either incomplete or wrong.  The house number is wrong.  The 1940 census lists the Szerejko family house as 33 Fairfax Rd.  The Szerejko family actually lived at 31 Fairfax Rd.  My grandfather's name looks as if it is spelled Adolth Shzeregko, and their daughter Helene's name is given as Coleen.   Also, the enumerator did not note who furnished the information  per the instructions (by circling an X) for my family, or for any of the people enumerated on the page.  In the "Supplementary Questions" section my grandfather's name is spelled Adolth Szireko, and he WAS a veteran of World War I.  "Industry" is illegible on both sections of the form.

Submitted for the 117th edition of the Carnival of Genealogy.

(This post is lovingly dedicated to the memory of Robert A. Szerejko (05 May 1929-04 May 2012).  He has joined his parents and sisters.  We will miss you.)


Other Posts You Might Like:

A Comedy of Errors: My Family in the Census (Part 1 of 3)
Girls Just Wanna Have Fun...
My Family Tree: A Literal Interpretation
Meditation: The Strength of Ordinary Women

A Comedy of Errors: My Family in the Census (Part 3 of 3)

(Copyright (c) 2011 Cynthia Shenette)

THE QUIZ

You saw this coming, didn't you?  Alright students, are your No. 2 pencils at the ready?  You have two minutes to complete the quiz.  No peeking over your neighbor's shoulder.  Eyes on your own work. No referring back to parts one and two of this post or your notes. Do your best.

You may begin...

Choose the best answer.

1. According to the 1900 U.S. Census Cynthia's great-grandfather, Antoni Bulak, and family lived in what American  city:
A. Chicago, IL
B. Worcester, MA
C. Joliet, IL
D. All of the above

2. According to the U.S. Census Antoni Bulak can be found as:
A. Tony Bolak
B. Anthony Bullock
C. Athony Bulak
D. All of the above

3. According to the U.S. Census Antoni Bulak immigrated to the United States in:
A. 1895 and 1897
B. 1896 and 1899
C. 1895 and 1896
D. All of the above

4. According to the U.S. Census Cynthia's grandmother's first name is given as:
A. Antoinette
B. Anthony
C. Anna
D. All of the above

5. According to the U.S. Census Antoni Bulak lived in the following city and/or town at one point in time or another:
A. Joliet, IL
B. Oxford, MA
C. Worcester, MA
D. All of the above, and frankly I'm exhausted by it all.

True or False

6. It is impossible to be counted in the U.S. Census more than once: True or False

7. The U.S. Census NEVER enumerates dead people: True or False

8. All of the information found in the U.S. Census is correct: True or False

9. It's best to verify census information in more than one source if at all possible: True or False

10. I am really glad I am not related to Cynthia or any of those Bulak people: True or False

Time.


Let's see how you did.  The correct answers are as follows: 1. (C) 2. (D) 3. (C) 4. (D) 5. (D) 6. (False) 7. (False) 8. (False) 9. (True) 10. (True),  and if you did answer True to "10. I am really glad I am not related to Cynthia or any of those Bulak people" I can understand your frustration, but I will admit to being just a wee bit hurt.

This concludes our reading of "A Comedy of Errors: My Family in the Census."  Be sure to check back for next week's A.P. (Advanced Placement) challenge: "Much Ado About Nothing, Or Finding Szerejkos, Radziewiczs, Kowalewskis, and Choronzaks in the U.S. Census."

A Smith, a Smith, my kingdom for a Smith!

Class dismissed.


A Comedy of Errors: My Family in the Census (Part 1 of 3)
A Comedy of Errors: My Family in the Census (Part 2 of 3)


Other Posts You Might Like:

A Slice of Life: Confessions of a Lunchbox Trader...
And The Award Goes To...
(Almost) Wordless Wednesday: The Play Elizabeth
Meditation: Family History

A Comedy of Errors: My Family in the Census (Part 2 of 3)

(Copyright (c) 2011 Cynthia Shenette)

~ ENTR'ACTE ~

~ Act III: 1920 Worcester, Massachusetts ~

Now pay close attention to the 1920 census, because this is where things start to get complicated. Antoni Bulak/Tony Bolak/Anthony Bolack has now become Anthony Bullock for the 1920 census, enumerated on 12 Jan 1920. Anthony (52) is listed as living with his wife Ella (47), daughter Rose (12), son S[t]ephan (8), daughter Helen (25), and daughter Antoinette (22). Eva, whose name back in the old country would be spelled Ewa, is now Ella. Daughters Helena-Helen and Antonina-Anthony-Antoinette are still living with the family. Where did Rose and Stephan come from? I know Rose for sure, and I believe Stephan as well were adopted by my great-grandparents after their parents died during the 1918 influenza pandemic (For the back story on this please see my three part series, Flu 1918 (Part 1 of 3) - Amanuensis Monday.). The dates of immigration have changed yet again. Now Antoni-Tony-Anthony is listed at immigrating in 1896 and Ewa-Eva-Ella is listed as immigrating in 1899. What complicates matters even more is Helena-Helen and Antonina-Anthony-Antoinette are listed as immigrating in 1904.

If all was right with the world and the planets were in perfect alignment we would be done with the 1920 census right here. Unfortunately that's not the case. Somehow, my grandmother's sister Helena-Helen is listed in the census twice. She was enumerated as Helen Bullock living at home with her parents on 12 Jan 1920 AND was also enumerated on January 2nd and 3rd as Helen Bulak living as a boarder at the St. Agnes Guild in Worcester. Her age is still listed as 25, however her year of immigration is 1897. She is not listed as having an occupation in the Bullock family listing, however she is listed as the proprietor of a millinery store in the St. Agnes Guild census record.  For the record, she did have a millinery store at this time on Millbury St. in Worcester.

~ Act IV: 1930 Oxford and Worcester, Massachusetts ~

On 25 Apr 1930 Antoni Bulak/Tony Bolak/Anthony Bolack/Anthony Bullock was enumerated as Athony Bulak (62) living in Oxford, Massachusetts. He is living with his wife Eva (51), son Edward (18), and daughter Helen Pawloski (15). After spending years in the city of Worcester, my great-grandfather moved to Oxford, MA about 1921. My grandmother told me he longed to have a farm, so he moved to the town of Oxford about 10 miles south of Worcester to start up farming. He is listed as a dairyman in the census. I honestly have no idea who Edward and Helen Pawloski are. My guess is Edward could be another child adopted after the 1918 flu pandemic or Edward and/or Helen could have been hired to help my great-grandfather around the farm. Clearly more research is needed.  Antoni-Tony-Anthony-Athony is 62 which would make him the right age. My great-grandmother Ewa-Eva-Ella is listed as 51. She was 47 in 1920 so there's no way she would be 51 in 1930. Here's the kicker--my great-grandmother Ewa-Eva-Ella died in 1924.

Why do I still think this is the right record? Eva was 51 when she died. Is there a possibility this might not be my family? You bet, but I haven't been able to find another census record for them up to this point. I still need to verify the information in another source to be sure. My best guess is my great-grandfather was asked if he was married, and he said yes leaving out the details about his wife dying or simply not understanding or hearing correctly what was asked of him.

What about Helena-Helen and Antonina-Anthony-Antoinette? Where are they? By 1930 my Aunt Helen was living in Worcester as a boarder with Rose and her new husband, and my grandmother, now Anna Szerejko, was married and living with her husband and young children, also in Worcester.

A Comedy of Errors: My Family in the Census (Part 1 of 3)

Antoni Bulak, August 1938
(Copyright (c) 2011 Cynthia Shenette)

My Apologies to Shakespeare

I love the U.S. Census. I love other sources too, but whenever I look at a census record I feel like I'm looking through a window back in time, one that offers a glimpse of life on one particular day in my ancestors' lives. You know what's really cool? I even know which day! The census tells me. I can see who was living in my ancestors' home, who their neighbors were, where they were living, where they worked, how many children were still at home, and so on. I'm also amazed at how much information is, for lack of a better word, wrong.

My Bulak family is a perfect case study on errors in the census. My grandmother and her family lived together as a family unit in the U.S. by 1897. I have found them in all of the census records in which they should appear--1900, 1910, 1920, and 1930. I also know the basics of my grandmother's family so I can discriminate what's right, what's wrong, and speculate as to why some of the information was recorded incorrectly. I pity the researcher who finds a census record without knowing, "the rest of the story" as veteran newsman Paul Harvey use to say. Context is everything. So with apologies to William Shakespeare, I'd like to present my version of...

"A Comedy of Errors: A Play in Four Acts"

 ~ Act I: 1900 Joliet, Illinois ~

Overall, the 1900 census was the most difficult census in which to locate my Bulak family. It took me a couple of years of searching on and off before I finally found them. Why? Nineteen hundred was a transitional year for my family. The Bulak family was supposedly living in Chicago in 1900 but moved to Worcester, MA the same year after being displaced by a fire. The family could have been enumerated in Chicago or Worcester, or missed the census altogether if they were in transit and somewhere in between. Another reason, my great-grandfather's name, Antoni Bulak, was seriously misspelled by the census taker. I found him listed as Tony Bolak. I also discovered the family was living in Joliet, IL not Chicago.

The 1900 census lists Tony Bolak (33), his wife Eva (27) and daughters Helena (5), and Antonina (4). Antonina was my grandmother. The family had two boarders living with them--Adam Bolak (Adam Bulak), my great-grandfather's brother and another boarder. The census was enumerated on 05 Jun 1900. Despite the spelling of the name, the rest of the information seems accurate. How did Antoni Bulak end up as Tony Bolak? My great-grandfather was never called Tony. My best guess is when the census taker asked his name, he no doubt responded in a heavy Polish accent with an emphasis on the second syllable.

~ Act II: 1910 Worcester, Massachusetts ~

Let's fast-forward in time. Antoni Bulak, who was Tony Bolak in 1900 Joliet, has now become Anthony Bolack in 1910 Worcester, MA. Are you still with me? You might want to take notes as there will be a quiz at the end. According to the census enumerator on 11 May 1910, Anthony Bolack (43) was living in Worcester with his wife Eva (38), daughter Helen (15), son Anthony (14), and four boarders. You noticed it too, didn't you? My grandmother Antonina has now become a son, Anthony. The years of immigration have changed for the family as well. In the 1900 census my great-grandfather is listed as immigrating in 1895 and my great-grandmother and her two daughters as immigrating in 1897. In 1910 Antoni-Tony-Anthony is listed as immigrating in 1896 and the women in 1898.

~ INTERMISSION ~


A Comedy of Errors: My Family in the Census (Part 2 of 3)